2.8 Utility

2.8.1 Powerlines

2.8.1.1 Example 1

Location of Example:	148°54'21" East, 34°51'41" South
Distinctive Characteristics:	Wire or wires supported on poles or pylons, used for the transmission of high voltage electricity. Evidence of multiple poles or pilons a regular distance apart would suggest power lines run between them. Powerlines terminate at a substation or powerstation.
Regional Considerations:
Figure: 2.8.1.1 Representation of a Powerlines terminating at a Substation.

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2.8.2 Substation

2.8.2.1 Example 1

Location of Example:	148°54'21" East, 34°51'41" South
Distinctive Characteristics:	Wire or wires supported on poles or pylons, used for the transmission of high voltage electricity. Evidence of multiple poles or pilons a regular distance apart would suggest power lines run between them. Powerlines terminate at a substation or powerstation.
Regional Considerations:
Figure: 2.8.2.1 Representation of a Powerlines terminating at a Substation.

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2.8.2.2 Example 2

Location of Example:	149°42'20" East, 34°47'06" South
Distinctive Characteristics:	Small substations are normally clearly fenced areas with a concrete or other artifical surface to minimise the chance of fire. Evidence of powerlines entering and exiting substation. Rows of voltage converters may also be seen.
Regional Considerations:
Figure: 2.8.2.2 Representation of a Small Substation.

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2.8.2.3 Example 3

Location of Example:	149°12'57" East, 35°20'22" South
Distinctive Characteristics:	Large substations are normally clearly fenced areas with a concrete or other artifical surface to minimise the chance of fire. Support Buildings, communication and security devices may be in evidence Evidence of powerlines entering and exiting substation. Rows of voltage converters may also be seen.
Regional Considerations:
Figure: 2.8.2.3 Representation of a Medium Large Substation.

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2.8.3 Power Station Or Power Generation Facility

2.8.3.1 Example 1

Location of Example:	148°17'32" East, 35°36'35" South
Distinctive Characteristics:	Hydro Eletric power stations generate electricity through the capture of energy from the force of falling or flowing water. Generally, water flows is directed into inlet pipes which then drives a water turbine. The pipelines may be outside or incorporated into a dam wall design. The water turbine or generator may be housed within, directly below or adjacent to the dam wall
Regional Considerations:	Associated with large water reservoirs and high annual rainfall areas.
Figure: 2.8.3.1 Representation of a Hydro Electric Power Station and Associated Power Generation Facility.

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2.8.3.2 Example 2

Location of Example:	150°05'04" East, 33°24'14" South
Distinctive Characteristics:	Coal Power Generation Facilities produce electricity from the combustion of coal. They consist of a distinctive big cooling chimney and several more narrow tall chimneys. Coal Power Generation Facilities will have surrounding waterbodies for cooling and the collection of tailings. Associated infrastructure may include coal stockpiles, conveyors, roads, railways and a substation for the conversion and distribution of power generated.
Regional Considerations:	Coal Power Generation Facilities are usually found on the outskirts of small communities, often with mines nearby.
Figure: 2.8.3.2 Representation of a Coal Fired Power Station and Associated Power Generation Facility.

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2.8.3.3 Example 3

Location of Example:	149°12'27" East, 33°37'17" South
Distinctive Characteristics:	Wind Power Generation Facilities or Wind Farms produce electricity from the use of one or multiple wind turbine generators. The distinctive wind turbine generators are generally tall solid column structures with rotating blades which produces energy from the wind. Wind turbines will be separated by a horizontal distance (varying from 100m to more than 2km) to allow for uninteruppted wind flow. Maintenance tracks appear between generators. Land used for wind turbines will generally be dual purpose allowing for sheep, cattle or crop production. Shadows of the turbines can sometimes be a clearer identifier of the turbines than the turbines themselves dependant on the angle of the imagery being viewed.
Regional Considerations:	Wind Power Generation Facilities are usually found where strong winds are prevalent. Coastal land, ridges and large open agricultural or pastoral land are the most likely locations for wind farms. They normally are not near large populated centres due to noise concerns.
Figure: 2.8.3.3 Representation of a Wind Farm Power Generation Facility.

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2.8.3.4 Example 4

Location of Example:	116°15'38" East, 33°20'35" South
Distinctive Characteristics:	Coal Power Generation Facilities produce electricity from the combustion of coal. They consist of a distinctive big cooling chimney and several more narrow tall chimneys. Coal Power Generation Facilities will have surrounding waterbodies for cooling and the collection of tailings. Associated infrastructure may include coal stockpiles, conveyors, roads, railways and a substation for the conversion and distribution of power generated.
Regional Considerations:	Coal Power Generation Facilities are usually found on the outskirts of small communities, often with mines nearby.
Figure: 2.8.3.4 Representation of a Coal Fired Power Station and Associated Power Generation Facility.